Renewables-2017

  Eric Dahlgren, PhD, CEO,    Mr. Kristian Tuszynski, CTO, Dr. Klaus Lackner, Senior Science Advisor,  Aircela, USA, https://www.aircela.com.  Date: June 01, 2025.  Dear gentlemen!  Can I suppose that your excellent machine to produce fossil-free, motor  grade fuels, ready for any engine, can be sufficiently cheapened if you would adopt some ideas used in my design for the same purpose.  (1)   Direct CO2 capture from the air by KOH gives CO2  being more than USD 60 / ton, because potassium-ion leakage, even if the leakage being 1 % in each step of its cycle. My way is traditional Ca(OH)2 with about USD 5 / ton CO2, see   CO2 mass production from the air very cheaply, judbarovski.blogspot.com/2025/01. posted on 12.01.2025. and  (2) S olar and Wind as cheap  0.4 US cents / kWh can change a game, judbarovski.blogspot.com/2025/02. posted on February 11, 2025 , and I have used half green   0.5 C + H20 = H2 +...

   Green and incredible cheap (USD 6.0 /bbl OPEX)  fuels (hydrocarbons) production.-  Upgrade Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor. retired.  judbarovski.blogspot.com, judbarovski@gmail.com  Abstract.   Technological chain offered here allows integration of huge solar thermal energy in national grid, by green fuel, synthetized distribute and domestically from atmospheric CO2 and ammonia, the both can be  breakthrough cheap and based on original inventions well scalable. and allows hazard free and reliable energy supply.     (1) 2 NH3 + CO2 extracted from the air = CH2 hydrocarbons + 2 H2O + N2 + 137 KJ into electricity for sale., Here Gibbs free energy is negative. (2) 0.5 C + H2O =  0.5 CO2 exhaust + H2 - 90 KJ.  [2], (3)   NH3 being incredible  cheap (USD 22.0 / ton NH3), you can see in [3]   (4)  CO2 of about USD 5 / ton CO2 can be extracted from the air by com...

 Half green and incredibly cheap ammonia simplified production.  Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor. retired.  judbarovski.blogspot.com, judbarovski@gmail.com  Abstract.  (1) 0.5 C + H2O = H2 + 0.5 CO2 - 90 KJ. (2) Air 0.75 (O2+ 4 N2) + NH3 = 1.5 H2O + 3.5 N2 + 383 KJ can be converted in electricity for sale or to support reaction (1)..  (3) 0.5 N2 + 1.5 H2 = NH3 + 46 KJ can be converted into electricity for sale or to support reaction (1) NH3 cost OPEX would be 360 * 3 -  (383 + 46 - 90) * 1,000 * 0.25 * 0.03 /3.6  = USD 22.0 / ton NH3,  Q.E.D.  Really,  if C being USD 120 / ton, H2 = USD 360, and if electricity tariff being USD 0.03 /kWh and efficiency 0.25, H2 = USD 360 / ton H2 by (1) ,  and such H2 is much cheaper than  reformed traditionally from CH2 or CH4 by the water vapor in ammonia industry, while  multiplied N2 by (2) is negligible and much simpler technology than cryogenic ...

  Green fuel production by incredibly cheap ammonia and solar thermal energy.  Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor. retired.  judbarovski.blogspot.com, judbarovski@gmail.com  Abstract.    Technological chain offered here allows integration of huge solar thermal energy in national grid, by green fuel, synthetized distribute and domestically from atmospheric CO2 and ammonia, the both can be  breakthrough cheap and based on original inventions well scalable. allows hazard free and reliable energy supply.     (1) 2 NH3 + CO2 extracted from the air = CH2 hydrocarbons + 2 H2O + N2 + 179 KJ into electricity for sale., (2) 0.5 C + H2O =  0.5 CO2 exhaust + H2 - 90 KJ.  Such H2 is USD 400 / t H2, so much cheaper than reformed traditionally from CH2 or CH4 by the water vapor in ammonia industry. (3) The air + NH3 = 1.5 H2O + 3.5 N2 instead of cryogenic monster for N2 production.  (4) 0.5 N2 + 1.5 H2 = NH3 + ...

 Cost of hydrocarbons industrially produced domestically and distribute from fossil carbons.    ( 1) C + H2O = CO + H2 - 176   KJ,  (2) 0.5 C + H2O = H2 + 0.5 CO2 - 90 KJ,  (3) CO + 2 H2 =CH2 + H2O + 226 KJ.  and totally,  1.5 C + H2O = CH2 + 0.5 CO2 - 40 KJ.  Supposing USD 12O /  ton C,    1.5 * 12 * 120 -+ 40 *4 / 3.6 = 2160 + 44 = 2200 / 14 = USD 157 / ton CH2.  Adding 100% for Capex, cost of hydrocarbons production with a good reserve would be about USD 300 / ton CH2.   Annual energy consumption for USA = 1.5 milliard toe (ton of oil equivalent) * USD 300 = 450 milliard dollar, at GDP 28 trillion dollar, or 1.6% of GDP satisfy annual energy consume. Correspondingly  for European Union  with  1.2 milliard toe at 29 trillion dollar GDP PPP, it is 1.25 % from GDP PPP.

About wind turbine of about 0.4 US cents / kWh.  Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com.   Abstract.   The cost of industrial production and the chemical processes also, depended on the cost of energy consumption. Over the years, from time to time, I have searched methods and devices to minimize maximally Capex and OPEX of renewable energy generators, solar and wind ones based on fundamental engineering - The smaller such generators, the lower the USD / kW and the USD / kWh cost compared with gigantic ones, which are an order of magnitude more expensive.  [1], [2]. [3]. Solar and wind 0.4 US cent / kWh, 5 years payback [1] is reachable, and being well scalable, it allows artificial fuels produced domestically and distribute, and carbon-neutral or half-green.   Such fuel will allow  (1) to reach energy i...

 Cheap and zero carbon hydrocarbons production. Variant.   Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com. Abstract.   Extremally cheap renewable energy can change a game in industry production, and in chemical industry in particular.  Solar and wind energy can be as cheap as 0.4 US cents / kWh , and being converted in cheap artificial fuels, it allows huge amounts of renewable energy to be integrated in national grids. the said thesis was shortly disclosed in [1], [2], [3]. and so on.  1)   C + H2O = CO + H2 – 179 KJ. If C = USD 120 /ton, CO + H2 = 12 * 120 + 179 * 4/ 3.6 = 1440 + 200 = 1640. (2)   CO + 2 H2 = CH2 (being abbreviature of hydrocarbons) + H2O + 226 KJ. 226 KJ is converted in electricity supposedly at 0.25 efficiency and by 2.5 US cents / kWh or more effective and more expensive, so 226 KJ is more than...