Renewables-2017

Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com. Abstract.   Extremally cheap renewable energy can change a game in industry production, and in chemical industry in particular.  Solar and wind energy can be as cheap as 0.4 US cents / kWh , and being converted in cheap artificial fuels, it allows huge amounts of renewable energy to be integrated in national grids. the said thesis was shortly disclosed in [1], [2], [3]. and so on.  (1) 0.5 C + H2O = H2 +  0.5 CO2 - 90 kJ being Judbarovski process, its variant. (2) CO + 2 H2 = CH2 (abbreviature for hydrocarbons) + H2O + 226 kJ, can compensate a heat consume of reaction (1) 226 - 90 * 2 = 46 kJ * 4/ 3.6 = USD 50.0, or being converted in electricity sold at 25% efficiency and US cents 2.5 / kWh,  it gives (46,000/3.6) kWh * 0.25 * 0.025 = USD 80.0 being more transportable electricity. ...

Cheap and carbon neutral carbon monoxide production.  Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com. Abstract.   Extremally cheap renewable energy can change a game in industry production, and in chemical industry in particular.  Solar and wind energy can be as cheap as 0.4 US cents / kWh , and being converted in cheap artificial fuels, it allows huge amounts of renewable energy to be integrated in national grids. the said thesis was shortly disclosed in [1], [2], [3]. and so on.  CO  being one of key materials for chemistry and artificial fuel production cheaply and  by ecofriendly way, it is as an example shown here just below.  See attentively. (1) C + H2 = CO + H2 - 176 kJ.  If C  = USD 120 / ton, so CO + H2 = ( 12 * 120 + 176 * 4 / 3.6 ) = USD 1640.  If at first stage CO is USD 50 / ton or more,  H2 is...

 About wind turbine cheaper than 0.4 US cents / kWh.  Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com. Abstract.   A cost of industrial production and the chemical ones too, depended on a cost of energy consume for them. During years, time to time I search methods and devices to maximally cheapening of a Capex and OPEX of renewable energy generators, solar and wind ones based on fundamental engineering - The smaller such generators, the lower USD / kW and USD / kWh of them in comparison with gigantic ones being in order of magnitude more expensive.  [1], [2].  Small HAWTs are fixed to a rope being distributed on it. The said rope is fixed at down and stretched above by a balloon with a gas, is lighter than air.  Each HAWT is equipped by passive stabilizers.  The  HAWTs are rotated in opposite directions each to neighboring ...

 About wind turbine of 0.4 US cents / kWh.  Author : David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, CV in Linkedin.com, Judbarovski@gmail.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, davidjud.blogspot.com. Abstract .   Small HAWTs are fixed to a rope distributed. The said rope is fixed at down and stretched above by a balloon with a gas, is lighter than air.  Each HAWT is equipped by simplest passive stabilizers. HAWTs are rotated in opposite directions each to neighboring ones to diminish the rope's loads. Being small, the said HAWTs in sum are lighter and cheaper in order of magnitude, by their cost can be negligible in comparison with total system, In its turn the lion share of the cost is the cost of its electric generators being about USD 100  / kW. So USD 120 / (5 years payback * 8000 hours) = 0.3 US cents /kWh ~= 0.4 cents /kWh with reserve. The system can be folded while lowering for treatment. 

 Solar and wind 0.4 US cent / kWh, 5 years payback [1] is reachable, and being well scalable, it allows artificial fuels and technology of its production domestically and distribute, and carbon-neutral or half-green.   Such fuel will allow  (1) to reach energy independency;   (2) being sold a little cheaper than present prices, allow avoid economic shocks and  fill a state budget and fund of breeding investment down to free Capex;  (3)  to use a present fuels' infrastructure ;  (4)  defense in war time and against terrorists;  (5)  integration of renewable energy in national grid, even if all primary energy is 100 % renewable one.  For example, artificial liquid hydrocarbons (CH2 being their abbreviation here). Now mainstream in the issue is electrochemistry Capex and methods vs. my approach is classical,  chemistry and mainly cheap energy from Renewables and heat from the own chemical processes was used.  S...

 CO2/CO reduction theme is currently hot in ecology, engineering and applied science. Several CO2/CO reduction promising possibilities would be compared here by their low carbon footprint, cheapness, energy efficiency. Now mainstream in the issue is electrochemistry  vs. my approach is classical chemistry and cheap energy from Renewables and heat from the own chemical processes was used.  Simplest C + air =  CO + 110 kJ is given here to compare it with my approach, using extremally cheap  renewable primary energy of down to about 0.4 US cent / kWh, 5 years payback by generators specially invented by me.  If C being USD 120 /ton carbon, CO = ( 12 * 120 -  110,000 / 3.6) / 28 =  (1440 - 30,556 kWh * 0.25 efficiency from heat in electricity} /28 = 51 - 270 kWh * 0.03 = USD 43 / ton CO + Capex. It consumes C, 12 ton /28 ton CO = 12/28 =  0.43 ton C per 1 ton CO product, but without CO2 exhaust.  C + H2O = CO + H2  - 176 kJ. here CO can ...