Renewables-2017

Breakthrough fuel for sea transport. Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor judbarovski@ gmail.com , Linkedin Abstract It is a fuel being (a) powerful like oil in diesel, (b) zero-carbon one like hydrogen, (c) hazard free vs. hazard ammonia, (d) cheap. It is Zn(NH2)2, while its Zn is extremely cheap, because Zn3N2 being intermediate product with very low enthalpy formation/decomposition. (1) 3 Zn(NH2)2 at 200 C is decomposed in Zn3N2 + 4 NH3 (2) NH3 can be used (2a) either by co-firing in old-fashion diesel engine. (2b) or by triple more energy effective the NH3 in electricity by hydrogen-air fuel cell (can be cheap device) after the NH3 decomposition (3) Either on-board, or outside Zn3N2 is decomposed in 3 Zn + N2 consuming 22.6 kJ / mol Zn3N2 = 32 kWh/ton Zn, being a heat preferable in a form of electricity with a help of tiny share of 4NH3. .

Breakthrough zero-carbon fuel Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor judbarovski@gmail.com , https://judbarovski.blogspot.com , Linkedin Abstract CO(NH2)2 (urea) + H2O (vapor at 150-200 Celsius) = CO2 + 2 NH3 – 120kJ 2 NH3 = N2 + 3 H2 – 92 kJ 3 H2 + air = (fuel cell) = 3 H2O + 858 kJ Totally: urea + water vapor + air = 0.75 * (858 – 120 - 92) /60 = 8.1 kJ /gram of urea = 2.24 kWh electricity/kg = 2240 kWh / ton (urea) Notes: (1) Urea is zero-carbon fuel, because it uses CO2 in cycle of production –to- use (2) Urea is stable in storing and quite non-hazard vs. hydrogen and ammonia for powering being very hazard, so unrealistic ones. (3) Urea can be produced very cheaply consuming the air and water and clean renewable energy, but disclosing such technologies is above the format of short article. (4) Now the urea are extremely overpriced in COVID-crisis period (5) IMO (International Maritime Organization) is toughening limits on harmful exhau

Halving of the oil consume by the world Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor judbarovski@gmail.com , Linkedin,. https://judbarovski.blogspot.com Abstract (1) CH2 (oil) + 2 H2O = CO2 + 3H2 - 214 kJ heat, compensated by (2) 0.23 * (CH2 + air = CO2 + H2O + 930 kJ ), here 0.23 = 214/930 (3) 3 H2 + air = Fuel cell (FC) = 3 H2O + 858 kJ Totally: 1.23 CH2 + air = 1.23 CO2 + 1.23 H2O If FC energy efficiency being75%, and 28% for best ICE , so 75 / 1.23 / 28 = 2.18, Q.E.D. !!! Moreover, we can halve a cost of petrol vs. its present cost (see article “Petrol cheapening”, https://judbarovski.blogspot.com/2021/01 , was posted on January 12, 2021 )