Renewables-2017

Drastically land saving technologies to provide all mankind needs in energy and food. May 02, 2026 About 500,000 km2 of lands are enough to substitute global fossil fuels consume by clean renewable primery energy. Really, if 1100 kWh / m2 in moderate climate, 10 milliards ton of oil equivalen (toe) fossil fuels consume annualy, (now 85% of all energy needs). 242 kJ / mol hydrogen [1] can be converted in zero-carbon artificial fuels, so 242 millions / 14 /3600 sec. = 17,000 kWh / toe = 15 m2. 10^10 * 15 / 10^6 /0.3 efficiency = 500,000 km2 or about 0.1 % of the Eeath surface, land and water to provide all energy consume of the mankind [1], domestically and distribute. For Germany it is 2.5%. 48 millions km2 of present agriculture lands globally can be substitudted sufficiently by Lemna minor farming. That specia can grow everywear and dubled their mass in 2.5 - 3 days, used tradicionally as a meal in Asia. Moreover, being 10,000 km2 only, it is enough for 25% meals of all mankind, if th...

Closed-loop reactions as a new kind of catalysts. 2 HCl = H2 + Cl2. April 28, 2026 (1) 2 HCl = H2 + Cl2, dH = + 185 kJ, dS = - 21 J/K*mol. Google AI: Water-Catalyzed Decomposition: Research indicates that water molecules can catalyze the decomposition of and other chlorinated compounds, lowering the energy barrier for dissociation. Adsorption/Reaction on Surfaces: decomposition on surfaces (such as Germanium, Germanium 100) can occur at lower temperatures, with hydrogen and chlorine recombining and desorbing as HCl near 500 K - 600 K. (1a) H2 + Cl2 + k * (H20 = H2 + 0.5 O2) + HCl, T > (242 * k - 185) * 1,000 / (54 * k + 21) - 273. At k = 0.88, T > 150 C At k = 0.85 and H2O (liquid), T = 97 C

The Sunday Times: в российской армии есть случаи каннибализма 27 апреля 2026, 14:19 В мире Газета The Sunday Times сообщает, что российские солдаты, отправленные на поле боя в Украину и оставшиеся без еды в зимние месяцы, были вынуждены прибегать к каннибализму и поедать тела своих товарищей, чтобы выжить. Вполне, воруют, а офицеры солатское довольствие.

(1) Al2O3 + 3 H2O = 2 Al(OH)3, heating and pressure 10 - 100 bars. 2 Al(OH)3 + k * (H2O = H2 + 0.5 O2) + Al2O3 + 3 H2O. All reagents are circular here, so they are practically free. Total energy consume is energy for the water thermolysis only, and at k = 1, being a heat of 242 kJ/mol H2 at T = > (150 + k * 242) / (450 + k * 54) = 500 C. vs. 2500 C conventional. Because renewable energy of solar and wind can be cheapened in order of magnitude down to USD 0.004 / kWh or less [1], H2 product can be 242 kJ * 10^6 * 0.004 /3600 sec./2 = USD 133 /ton H2, (2) Catalyst: CO2 + H2 = HCOOH - formic acid. Joint target reaction: HCOOH + 0.4 * (H2O = H2 + 0.5 O2) + CO2 + H2. dH = 32 + 0.4 * 242 = 128 kJ. dS = 214 + 0.4 * (131 + 102 - 180) = 234. dG = 128 - 234 * T 274 C. Because all reagents here are circular and practically free, so OPEX cost of the hydrogen is about USD 70 /ton H2. (3) Catalyst is 0.5 * N2 + 1.5 * H2 = NH3, is joined with 0.365 mol of the water splitting, it gives a h...

https://(Fresh look on Wind Power Generation – Upgraded, 25/02/2019, David Judbarovski, 2019 AIChE Annual Meeting (ISBN: 978-0-8169-1112-7), https://www.aiche.org/proceedings/people/david-judbarovski } Breeding investment allows by credit for a first power plant in five steps to invest and build some tens analogous power plants. . So OPEX is negligible vs. CAPEX, can be full cost of artificial intermediary fuel for 100% off-grid electricity by 2.5 cent/kWh. For housing such autonomy can be provided by local fuel-in-electricity substations. Autonomous supply can be paralleled by much cheaper direct grid supply. Financial Times: нефтяные монархии планируют построить трубопровод в обход Ормузского пролива 2 апреля 2026, 08:41

Abstract. Supercheap hydrogen for chemistry and artificial fuel production. Zero-carbon and hazard free domesticaly and distributaly. (1) Al2O3 + 3 H2O = 2 Al(OH)3, heating and pressure 10 - 100 bars. (2) 2 Al(OH)3 + k * (H2O = H2 + 0.5 O2) + Al2O3 + 3 H2O. All reagents are circular here, so they are practically free. Total energy consume is energy for the water thermolysis only, and at k = 1, being a heat of 242 kJ/mol H2 at T = > (150 + k * 242) / (450 + k * 54) = 500 C. vs. 2500 C conventional. Because renewable energy of solar and wind can be cheapened in order of magnitude down to USD 0.004 / kWh or less [1], H2 product can be 242 kJ * 10^6 * 0.004 /3600 sec./2 = USD 133 /ton H2, OPEX. References. 2021 Annual Meeting. (397e) Cheap Energy is a Key to Competitive Artificial Fuels. https://www.aiche.org/conferences-events