Solar precice dish for water splitting
Solar precise dish for water splitting.
USD 0.25/kgH2 or about 0.12 for southern
regions, or 0.5 USA cents/kWh electricity
Judbarovski David, retired, systems
engineering, principle inventor
It is a small dimension system of about 1.0
m2 solar flux, and it comprises (1) precise thin wall planar mirror for
redirecting solar beams on (2) precise thin wall dish concentrator, so its
focal spot is motionless, (3) tiny motionless PV sensor between (1) and (2) and
it can control the redirected solar beams to be parallel to the said dish axis,
(4) two axis tracking control by micro servomotors, and (5) pedestals for the said mirrors (1) and (2),
and all of them have to be stable against a wind average velocity.
A small vessel supplied by water is placed
in the said focal spot at about 2 meter from the said dish being 3 meter from a
center of the said planar mirror. The dish and the planar mirror are Al and
made with 0.5 mm thickness walls can be 0.2% dimensional accuracy (and it is a
realistic accuracy!!!), and the last allows to reach 3000 K = 2700 C inside the
said small vessel, so the water is split in hydrogen as a product and oxygen as
a by-product or waste, and those mix of gases mixed with water vapor go through a thin tube at firth
to a main tube for following pure hydrogen separation.
The controlled water supply stabilizes the
said temperature 3000 K, when variable sun weather conditions. All other
parameters can be calculated.
Let solar flux be 0.8 kW/m2 with 1500
kWh/m2/year, and about 0.7 kW/m2 can reach the said dish during 1200 hours of
stable operation of the system, and all the said vessel walls are thermal
insulated with an Al-foil as a reflector around that insulation. Let a solar
concentrating window be 2 mm, so 0.03 cm2. So a heat loses W = 700 watt/20 +
(k< 1.0) * 5.67 * 3.14 * 3 * 10 ^(-6) * 30^4 ~ = 70 watt, and 700-70 = 630
watt is a helpful heat.
So the said water feeding is 0.63 kW/ (240kJ
/18g) =0.047 gram/s/m2 is split by 50%, producing 0.0026 g H2 /s/m2 at 1 atm, so 12 kgH2 /year/m2, or 60.0 kgH2 in 5 years
of CAPEX payback.
The CAPEX is about USD 15.0 being a sum of
costs t of the system parts.
So it is ~=USD 0.25/kgH2, can be
transformed by Fuel cells in 32 kWh electricity by 1.0 USA cents/kWh. It can
satisfy any consuming schedule, because hydrogen can be stored and transported
for distributed power generation and for export trade.
Annually it is 12.0 kgH2/m2 * 32 kWh/kg = 360
kWh/m2 = 300 W/m2, or 300/0.7 = 430 W/m2 of pick power vs.180 W/m2 for best PV
solar panels being some times more expensive
If being 9 m2 land area for each system
unit, so 360/9 = 40.0 kWh/m2 surface. For southern regions it can be 80 kWh/m2
or more.
Such cheap electricity allows the world
economics and human life totally to transform for feeding by electricity
instead of all other energy sources.
A small share of Australian stony deserts can
satisfy all mankind needs in energy.
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