NH3 fueled ship, template #1
(A) https://www.statista.com/topics/1728/ocean-shipping/
Ocean Shipping - Statistics
& Facts
The international seaborne trade volume has been on an increasing trend in
recent years. However, in 2018, the maritime trade volume grew only by 2.7
percent on the previous year, down from the 4.1 percent registered in 2017.
Further slowdown is expected to occur in 2020, as shipping companies will incur
further costs to comply new International Maritime Organization’s sulfur cap regulations. At the same time, the trade
and supply chain disruptions caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic reverberate
across the global economy.
(B) Fuel Consumption by
Containership Size and Speed
//if normal speed of about 24 knots, a fuel
consume is varied from 200 ton/d for 4,000-5,000 TEU and up to 300 ton/d at 9,000-19,000 TEU //
Citation
Information cited from this
web site should be referred to as either:- Rodrigue, J-P (ed) (2017), The
Geography of Transport Systems, Fourth Edition, New York: Routledge.
- Rodrigue, J-P et al. (2017) The
Geography of Transport Systems, Hofstra University, Department of Global
Studies & Geography, https://transportgeography.org.
·
(C) Ecological Effects of
Ammonia
Even at extremely low concentrations aquatic life will be harmed by
ammonia. Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment. A small amount of ammonia
is generated when lightning strikes and reaches earth in rainfall. But most
ammonia is produced by bacteria in water and soil as an end product of plant
and animal waste decomposition. It is found in relatively low nontoxic
concentrations in soil, air, and water and provides a source of nitrogen for
plants.
In soils and water ammonia will go through many complex biochemical
transformations. These transformations constitute what is commonly known as the
nitrogen cycle. For a more in-depth discussion of the nitrogen cycle see
related links.
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Patrick Kelly
Pesticide
& Fertilizer Management
(D) Ecological Effects of
Ammonia fueled fleet
My
resume: I can agree with the point (C) conclusion too,
and can add that natural CO2 now presented in Earth biosphere can be much more harmful for environment than supposed leakage from the worldwide commercial fleet equipped by ammonia storage tanks for the fleet powering in middle range perspective, but
it is my not so big professional draft conclusion, must be confirmed by other experts.
(E) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil
and within the root nodules of some plants convert nitrogen gas in the
atmosphere to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites
or nitrates. Ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates are all fixed nitrogen and
can be absorbed by plants.
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