Sea water desalination breakthrough cheaply
Sea water desalination cheaply
Author: David Judbarovski, principle
inventor, retired engineer, Israel
Archive since 2006 yr.: http://judbarovski.livejournal.com
{156}-(1)-2.04.2018
I show my technology and its introduction for
Israel as an example.
It is USD 0.1/ton of fresh water, and could
need 12 million USD as a CAPEX for 1.0 milliard ton annually.
It is some greenhouses comprise three layer
of PET films as a roof with an air gaps between them and a layer of sea water
as an input on the bottom, for solar evaporation up to saturated vapor at the
greenhouse temperature. Another input of the greenhouse is an output of a heat exchanger
has the said saturated vapor as its input for condensation by ambient air being
its another input. The said condensate is conditioned in fresh water product by
a little share of the waste being a brain after the said sea water evaporation.
We can adjust the technology parameters by
only parameter being an air flow velocity coming inside the said greenhouse and
practically depended on the ambient air temperature only. The other parameters
in that case can be constant. For example, the greenhouse temperature 300 days
in a year, 8 hours in day to be 45 Centigrade, and we can create the heat
recuperation as 80% depended on said heat exchanger design, and it is well
known chemical engineering technique.
The fresh water production in those cases
is variably following variable weather conditions/ Supposing ambient air as 25
Centigrade as average, solar irradiation as 1500 kWh/m2 annually and 80% as the
greenhouse roof transparency, bellow I can show economical estimation was
declared above.
0.8 * (1500 kWh/ (300 d * 8 h) – 15 * (45 –
25) / (3 + 1)) = 0.8 * (625 W – 75 W) = 440 W/m2 being a helpful solar heat
The said heat is enough to evaporate 440 W/(2300
J/g) = 0.19 g/sec of water, so we can produce 0.19 /(1- 0,8) ~= 1 gram/sec of
the water, so 1 * 300 d * 8 h * 3600 sec ~= 8.25 ton of the water annually per
each 1 sq. m of the greenhouse using PET of 3 sq. m by USD 0.5/m2, so 150/8.25/(3
years of lifetime = payback) = 6 cent/ton
440 W = 50 * dT * S(m2) for the heat
exchanger. dT = (45-25) * (1-0.8) = 4, so
S= 2.2 m2 by 50 cent/m2 Al foil, so it adds
2.2*50/8.25*3) = 4.4 cent/ton, and ~ 10 cents/ton totally as a CAPEX.
If heat exchanger walls being vertical, the
total construction is a very simple and quick for installation, and lion share
of time for create the production plant is an order and transportation its
materials and parts, can be supposed here as a cycle of 4 month for the plants
unit. Being sold for the water distributer by 45 cent/ton, we can have 45 -10*3
= 15 cent/ton as a profit can be used to build additional plants for another 4
month. So such breeding can allow in 3
years to build (1 + 15/30) ^ ((12 * 3) /4
-1)) = 25 plans by CAPEX of the unit alone. So having 1 milliard ton annually
as goal, the CAPEX would be (10^9) * 0.3 /25 = USD 12 million, or
1.2 cents per ton of the fresh water being practically free for producer!!!
.
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