Liquid fuel for sustainability - corrected

Liquid fuel for sustainability - corrected

Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired

judbarovski@gmail.com

Abstract

I declare and here prove by clear way, that countries even suffered by lack solar energy and snow winters & no free areas & no fossil fuel deposits, they can produce themselves and by themselves oil of refine quality from “air and water” in the full demand, by about USD 0.20/liter (USD 0.75/gallon) as domestic price, and to turn own energy system for distribute electricity supply as main energy source by about USD 0.005/kWh.

Note: It is an example of circular economics, including CO2 being greenhouse gas exhaust, it is used in carbon cycle.

The said oil can be synthetized on artificial floating islands distributed in open ocean (USD 60.0/ton/m2 of dry surface area) industrially either by known Fischer-Tropsch or by its variations from CO2 (by USD 10.0/ton, 320 ton/year/m2 desalinated water surface area) extracted from the air (see “CO2 mass production from the air very cheaply’, Jan. 11, 2020,  https://judbarovski.blogspot.com/2020/01 )  and H2 (by USD 0.25/kg – see Appendix 1) by splitting of desalinated water. So the oil is estimated to be

CO2 + 3 H2 = CH2 + 2 H2O; (44 * 10 + 3 * 2* 250 0) / 14 = USD 140/ton + 100 CAPEX = 240 /ton = USD 0.20/liter.

Analogous calculation can be for onshore with mild climate (see Appendix 2).

Analogously, we can produce ethanol, being much safer against criminals and terrorist attack.

Instead of thermal generation of electricity in a future consideration we can suppose alkaline fuel cell (AFC) with controlled pH at anode side to avoid CO2 created by steam reforming and poisoning the AFC. Hydrogen-air AFC is twice more energy effective than thermal generator. Nevertheless, the AFC being cheap device have to be more cheapened.

Appendix 1

A lot of pilotless sailboats with flat sail go there and back moved by wind, so harvesting the wind energy and turn it in electricity by a hydro-turbine fixed under the sailboat. Because that electricity can’t be transported from moving things, it preliminary is used to split the desalinated sea water by concentrated rays of a set of magnetrons being highly energy effective and cheap, to produce hydrogen that being compact energy carrier for further operations on floating industrial terminals. Typical wind in open ocean is 6.7 m/s, so 800 m2 sail (with off-board sail supports), can create 70 kW electricity, is enough to produce 4.4 liter/s H2 = 26 m3 at 100 bars in a week (240 kg). Because a lion share of cost is a cost of hydro-generator, they being about USD 200.0/kW totally, the helpful electricity would be about USD 0.0045/kWh

Appendix 2 (Note on 19.08.2021 - The VAWT described bellow, really it can't be a reliable device. Sorry)

For onshore application there are special vertical axes wind turbines (VAWT) being very cheap and simple in manufacturing and installation. Global average onshore wind is 3 28 m/s. For example, the present electricity demand of USA can be satisfied by 0.45 cent/kWh ($ 200.0/kW for all), distributed totally on 0.7% of its territory (6500 km2) not excluded for other usage too.

Our VAWT is a vertical chain of special units. Each unit comprises three plane blades of identical window leaf of thin steel sheet. The wind flow rotates the said units by closing alternately the window leafs or opening them, and it rotates a low speed gearless permanent magnet synchronous electric generator.

The neighboring units are rotated oppositely, so we can minimize torsion loads. The said turbine is hung in the air by a balloon with a gas, is lighter than air, i.e. by methane.

The lowest end of the said chain is fixed by a rope through bearing connection to the land or by heavy load to the land.

The said turbine can be 200 m height (from 100.0 m to 300. 0 m above sea level) and 4.0 meter of blades width, can produce about 75 kW = 700,000 kWh