Hydrogen by USD 0.1/kg is possible. Disclosure
Super-cheap Hydrogen produced by
Super-cheap Device and Electricity
Author: David Judbarovski, systems’
engineering, principle inventor, Israel
https://judbarovski.livejournal.com since 2006, archived
There are no technological problems to
produce pure hydrogen, is down to USD 0.1/kg, if using my special reactor for
thermolysis of pure water, and if using an extremely novel and cheap
electric-generator. The said hydrogen can be delivered in its liquefied form,
if to any far point of the world, doubling a cost up to USD 0.16-0.2/kg.
See the said system disclosure in [1] https://judbarovski.blogspot.com/2018/08/practical-system-for-cheap-energy-for.html, and see the said reactor principle disclosure in [2] https://judbarovski.blogspot.com/2018/03/some-helpful-applications-of-electro.html ).
Here just below I intend to show and
numerically evaluate a design of the above-mentioned reactor as an example among
some other possible variants being suitable too.
It comprises two thin sheets of titanium
nitride or titanium carbide and titanium core between them. The said sandwich is immersed in the middle
of a plastic container with clean water inside environment, while the outer
walls of the said container is covered by thin film of silver.
Let the said sheets be thin, while the said
core having a melting point of 1668 Centigrade is heated a little lower than a
melting point of the said thin sheets having the melting point either 3140
Centigrade for titanium carbide or 2950 for titanium nitride, the both being
not solvable in the water and doesn’t react with it.
The said titanium core being melted
electrically, it is pumped through the said sandwich from a storage vessel and
back, so the said water is heated at first being turn into steam, and then the
water vapor splits near inner walls of the said sandwich into hydrogen as a
product and into oxygen as a by-product or waste. The said water consume is
compensated by adding the cold water.
The said water environment can be in enough
volume, (e.g. 1 liter or so) to be heated lower than the water boiling point,
so the container’s walls can be an ordinary plastic.
Now below I show a numerical evaluation of
such design parameters and economics intended for experts.
Let the electric power consume of such
device be 300 kW. Silver film on outer walls of the container reflects 95%-99%,
of the said sandwich thermal irradiation, goes back for the water splitting.
Let the said sandwich walls are 0.5 mm each. TiC thermal conductivity is 0.068
W/ (cm* K), and for TiN it is 0.34, created insignificant fall from ~3000 C on
the said walls.
.
Further, 300 kW/(286 kJ/mol) = 1.05 mol/sec
= 2.1 gram H2/sec = 2.1 * 31 = 65 ton/year, or 325 ton of hydrogen product for
5 years of CAPEX payback.
Really, the helpful heat transfer is
convective one, it is used for water splitting and equal approximately to
thermal irradiation, so the sandwich walls total area – S (m2) can be
calculated approximately from 300,000 Watt
= 5.67 * ((3000 - 300)/100)^4 * S, so S = 0.1 m2 totally.
We can control a temperature fall at the
said sandwich walls as 50 C or so. Thermal capacity of titanium is Cp =25, A =
47, and density 4.5, so liquid Ti rate through the said sandwich is 300 kW /(25/47)
/50 = 5.6 kg/s being 5.6/4.5 = 1250
cm3/s being 1250cm3/(0.1 m2/6 walls of a cube) = 7.5 cm/s through the sandwich. That titanium
must be stored for reliable operation, e. g. even as big as 250 kg, being a
lion share of CAPEX, because TiC and TiN
are relatively negligible share, so 250/(300kW * 8500 hrs/yr * 5 years of
payback) = 0.0002 kg/kWh, so the CAPEX is practically free share added to a
cost of electricity consumed for the water splitting, was earlier estimated by
me in above-mentioned reference [1] as 0.2 USA cents per kWh, so 0.2 * 40 kWh/kgH2 + 20% = USD 0.1/kgH2, and
USD 0.16-0.2/kgH2 after transportation
for distance up to 10,000 km. Q.E.D.!
Comments
Post a Comment